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TECHNIQUE FOR INCREASING THE ANTENNA GAIN-TO-NOISE-TEMPERATURE OF SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS EARTH STATIONS WITH AXISYMMETRIC REFLECTORS
Pavel A. Titovets, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moscow, Russia,
paveltitovec@mail.ru
Abstract
Satellite communications for many sparsely populated, inaccessible and remote areas, especially the Arctic regions and the Far North is the main form of communication. When organizing communication, it is required to receive signals with the highest possible signal-to-noise ratio. In satellite earth stations, axisymmetric reflector antennas are mainly used. In these areas, the angle of the antennas to the horizon does not exceed 20 degrees. There are problems in receiving signals at angles of inclination of axisymmetric reflector antennas to the horizon, not exceeding 20 degrees, by satellite earth stations. These problems are related to the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the antennas. At such angles of inclination of the reflector antennas to the horizon, thermal radio emission from the Earth’s surface has a significant negative effect on the received signals. This radio emission increases the noise level and reduces the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the antenna. To reduce thermal radio emission received by reflector antennas from the Earth’s surface and increase the signal-to-noise ratio at the output of the antennas, a technique has been developed to increase the antenna gain-to-noise-temperature. This technique consists of three independent methods for increasing the antenna gain-to-noise-temperature, which can be used separately. For the convenience of choosing from existing methods for increasing the antenna gain-to-noise-temperature, the methodology takes into account the features of applicability of these methods for specific antennas. The developed method for calculating antenna gain-to-noise-temperature is described, which allows one to theoretically evaluate changes in antenna gain-to-noise-temperature due to open screens on the reflector and counter-reflector, as well as through the use of antenna feeds with an asymmetric radiation pattern.
Keywords: satellite communication, earth station; axisymmetric reflector antennas; antenna gain-to-noise-temperature, signal-to-noise ratio enhancement technique.
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Information about authors:
Pavel A. Titovets, leading engineer of the research department Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics Moscow, Russia