+7 (495) 957-77-43
Контакты

T-Comm_Article 8_3_2020

Извините, этот техт доступен только в “Американский Английский”. For the sake of viewer convenience, the content is shown below in the alternative language. You may click the link to switch the active language.

ESTIMATION OF UNDERWATER OPTICAL COMMUNICATION LINK OPERATING DISTANCE

Aleksej V. Shherbakov, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moscow, Russia
Gennadij D. Petruhin, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moscow, Russia
Natalija E. Miroshnikova, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moscow, Russia, n.e.miroshnikova@mtuci.ru
Pavel A. Titovets, Moscow Technical University of Communications and Informatics, Moscow, Russia, paveltitovec@mail.ru

Abstract
Currently, the active investigation of hydrosphere is carried out with the use of various stationary and mobile underwater vehicles. In many situations, wireless communication is required between these devices. Today this problem is solved with the use of acoustic and radio waves, as a rule, the low frequency range. The main disadvantages of both acoustic and radio lines are: low speed of information transmission and high power consumption. The use of underwater (hydrosphere) communication lines as carriers of electromagnetic oscillations of the optical range can significantly increase the transmission speed, reduce power consumption while reducing the weight and size of the receiving and transmitting modules. The analysis of the literature, which deals with theoretical and technical problems and problems arising in the design of underwater optical communication lines (UWOL), showed that the estimates of the potential range and transmission speed differ significantly from one author to another. Some sources do not clearly define the conditions for measurements and computational experiments. In this regard, the question arises about the construction of a universal methodology for assessing the potential characteristics of UWOL. The purpose of this work is to build a methodology for assessing the potential characteristics of the UWOL, which takes into account the main factors affecting the transmission distance of information in the UWOL only from the energy point of view. Dispersion properties of the hydrosphere affecting the transfer rate are not taken into account in the model. Novelty: the novelty of the presented technique is the possibility of assessing the potential range of communication for both horizontal and vertical routes, and taking into account the influence of the characteristics of the element base (lasers, photodetectors) on the parameters of the UWOL. The technique also takes into account the possibility of changing the vertical profile of the refractive indices of the aquatic environment and the concentration of chlorophyll, which allows to estimate the potential range of GLS for different geographical points of the ocean.

Keywords: underwater optic communication links, underwater wireless communication systems, operating distance, optical communication, communication range, vertical and horizontal tracks.

References 

  1. Apel J.R. Principles of Ocean Physics (International Geophysics Series), London, UK: Academic Press, 1987, vol. 38, 509-584.
  2. Costello M.J., Cheung A., De Hauwere N. (2010). Surface area and the seabed area, volume, depth, slope, and topographic variation for the worlds seas, oceans, and countries, Sci. & Tech. Vol. 44. No. 23, pp. 8821-8828.
  3. Spinrad R.W., Carder K. L, Perry M.J., (1994). Ocean Optics, Oxford, UK: Clarendon. 464 p.
  4. Miroshnikova N.E., Petruchin G.S., Sherbakov A.V., (2019). «Problems of Underwater Optical Links Modeling,» 2019 Systems of Signal Synchronization, Generating and Processing in Telecommunications (SYNCHROINFO), Russia, pp. 1-9.doi: 10.1109 / SYNCHROINFO.2019.8813996
  5. Petzold T.J. (1972). Volume scattering functions for selected ocean waters. Scripps Inst. Oceanogr., La Jolla, CA, USA, Tech. Rep. SIO 7278 1972.
  6. Kopilevich Y.I., Kononenko M.E., Zadorozhnaya E.I. Zadorozhnaya (2010). The effect of the forward-scattering index on the characteristics of a light beam in sea water, J. Opt. Technol. Vol. 77. No. 10, pp. 598-601.
  7. Mobley C.D., Sundman L.K., Boss E. (2002). Phase function effects on oceanic light fields, Applied optics, Vol. 41. No. 6, 1035-1050.
  8. Haltrin V.I. (2002). One-parameter two-term Henyey_Greenstein phase function for light scattering in seawater, Applied Optics, Vol. 41. No. 6, pp. 1022-1028.
  9. Haltrin V.I. (1999). Chlorophyll-based model of seawater optical properties, Applied Optics. Vol. 38. No. 33, pp. 6826-6832.
  10. Hulburt E.O. (1945). Optics of distilled and natural water, Opt. Soc. Amer. Vol. 35. No.. 11, pp. 698.
  11. Chancey M.A. (2005). Short range underwater optical communication links: MS thesis. Dept. Elect. Eng. North Carolina State Univ. Raleigh, NC, USA.
  12. Bogucki D.J., Domaradzki J.A., Stramski D., Zaneveld J.R. (1998). Comparison of near-forward light scattering on oceanic turbulence and particles, Applied Optics. Vol. 37. No. 21,
    4669-4677.
  13. Sauzide R. et.al. (2015). Vertical distribution of chlorophyll a concentration and phytoplankton community composition from in situ fluorescence profiles: a first database for the global ocean, Earth System Science Data. Vol. 7. No. 2, pp. 261.
  14. Arnon S. (2010). Underwater optical wireless communication network, Opt. Eng. Vol. 49. No. 1, pp. 015001-1-015001-6.
  15. Jaruwatanadilok S. (2008). Underwater wireless optical communication channel modeling and performance evaluation using vector radiative transfer theory, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. Vol. 26. No. 9, pp. 1620-1627.
  16. Li C., Park K.H., Alouini M.S. (2013). On the use of a direct radiative transfer equation solver for path loss calculation in underwater communication systems, Opt. Commun. Networks. Vol. 5. No. 1, pp. 1-12.
  17. Gabriel C., Khalighi M.-A., Bourennane S. (2015). Monte-Carlo-based channel characterization for underwater optical optical wireless channels, IEEE Wireless Commun. Lett. Vol. 4. No. 5,
    561-564.
    18. Mazin Ali A. Ali (2015) Comparison of Modulation Techniques for Underwater Optical Wireless Communication Employing APD Receivers, Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, pp. 561-564.

Information about authors:

Aleksej V. Shherbakov, Ph.D. doctoral candidate, Research Assistant, Moscow Technical University of communication and Informatics, Moscow, Russia
Gennadij D. Petruhin, holder of an Advanced Doctorate in Engineering Sciences. Leading Recearch Officer, Moscow Technical University of communication and Informatics, Moscow, Russia
Natalija E. Miroshnikova, Ph.D. of Engineering Sciences. Research Officer, Moscow Technical University of communication and Informatics, Moscow, Russia
Pavel A. Titovets, leading engineer of the research department, Moscow Technical University of communication and Informatics, Moscow, Russia